On the perspectives of the study of the anxiolytic effect of plant species, endemic to Caucasus
Present article is aimed to welcome colleagues, interested in phytomedicine, to the collaborative study of the anxiolytic effects of the extracts of some plant species, endemic to Caucasus. Rat grooming, as well as rat behavior in Elevated plus maze, forced swimming test, Open field test, Light and dark box test and Punished conflict test, are suggested animal models of anxiety for the study of anxiolytic effects of endemic plant extracts
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Electromagnetic field, conduct cross in the open field and neurochemical correlate blood and urine on the background of the supply of oils of grape seeds
The influence of an electromagnetic uence of an electromagnetic field (EMF) – network frequency causes eld (EMF) – network frequency causes minimal CNS dysfunction in Wistar rats in ontogenesis, which is expressed by inimal CNS dysfunction in Wistar rats in ontogenesis, which is expressed by a decrease of the levels of glutamate and aspartate, methionine and serine, in decrease of the levels of glutamate and aspartate, methionine and serine, in the blood – lysine, taurine, tyrosine, catecholamine and serotonin, an increase he blood – lysine, taurine, tyrosine, catecholamine and serotonin, an increase GABA and glycine in the blood, proline and cysteine in the urine. The ratio of ABA and glycine in the blood, proline and cysteine in the urine. The ratio of excitatory/inhibitory mediator amino acids is signi xcitatory/inhibitory mediator amino acids is signifi cantly reduced. The ratio cantly reduced. The ratio of essential/non-essential amino acids and the total level of amino acids also f essential/non-essential amino acids and the total level of amino acids also decrease in the blood. Against the background of taking the herbal preparation ecrease in the blood. Against the background of taking the herbal preparation (grape seed oil), the identi grape seed oil), the identified changes disappear or smooth out, which is man- ed changes disappear or smooth out, which is manifested in the behavior of rats in the open fested in the behavior of rats in the open field – the animals are characterized eld – the animals are characterized by a smaller number of urinations and boluses, an increase in the total time of y a smaller number of urinations and boluses, an increase in the total time of grooming and a small number of translocations. rooming and a small number of translocations
Post-COVID-19 symptoms: A case report and review
COVID-19 causes a number of symptoms associated with olfactory disorders OVID-19 causes a number of symptoms associated with olfactory disorders and these clinical symptoms are widely reported in the current Literature. But nd these clinical symptoms are widely reported in the current Literature. But more and more patients suffering from this disease turn to laryngologists with ore and more patients suffering from this disease turn to laryngologists with complaints of prolonged nasal obstruction in post-infection period. There is omplaints of prolonged nasal obstruction in post-infection period. There is unclear connection between the nasal obstruction and the coronavirus disease nclear connection between the nasal obstruction and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The study was performed in a clinic, among patients who 019 (COVID-19). The study was performed in a clinic, among patients who had suffered from COVID-19 and which had complaints of nasal obstruction ad suffered from COVID-19 and which had complaints of nasal obstruction after recovery. The evaluation of the treatment results was carried out taking fter recovery. The evaluation of the treatment results was carried out taking into account the anamnesis (subjective data) and the rhinoscopic picture (objec- nto account the anamnesis (subjective data) and the rhinoscopic picture (objective data). The case presentation is followed by a review of the potential causes ive data). The case presentation is followed by a review of the potential causes and pathogenesis of nasal obstruction after COVID-19
Understanding individuals’ well-being in higher education: A critical review of the WarwickEdinburgh Mental Well-being Scale and its implications
This article presents a critical review of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-be- his article presents a critical review of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) and its implications for understanding individuals' well-be- ng Scale (WEMWBS) and its implications for understanding individuals' well-being in higher education. The review is structured into four main sections: the ng in higher education. The review is structured into four main sections: the validation and psychometric properties of the WEMWBS, associations between alidation and psychometric properties of the WEMWBS, associations between student well-being and the WEMWBS, interventions and programs promoting tudent well-being and the WEMWBS, interventions and programs promoting student well-being, and a comparative analysis of the WEMWBS with the Men- tudent well-being, and a comparative analysis of the WEMWBS with the Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS). The al Health Literacy Scale (MHLS). The first section focuses on the validation and rst section focuses on the validation and psychometric properties of the WEMWBS, providing an in-depth examination sychometric properties of the WEMWBS, providing an in-depth examination of its development and validation process. This includes an exploration of the f its development and validation process. This includes an exploration of the rigorous methodologies employed to establish the reliability, validity, and factor igorous methodologies employed to establish the reliability, validity, and factor structure of the scale, ensuring its suitability for assessing mental well-being in tructure of the scale, ensuring its suitability for assessing mental well-being in diverse populations within the higher education context. Moving forward, the iverse populations within the higher education context. Moving forward, the article investigates the associations between student well-being and the WEM- rticle investigates the associations between student well-being and the WEMWBS. This section offers valuable insights into the potential of the WEMWBS BS. This section offers valuable insights into the potential of the WEMWBS as a valuable tool for screening and assessing student well-being in higher edu- s a valuable tool for screening and assessing student well-being in higher education settings. The third section delves into interventions and programs aimed ation settings. The third section delves into interventions and programs aimed at promoting student well-being in higher education. It explores how the WEM- t promoting student well-being in higher education. It explores how the WEMWBS has been utilized in evaluating the effectiveness of these interventions, shedding light on how the scale can inform the design and evaluation of initia- hedding light on how the scale can inform the design and evaluation of initiatives that enhance student well-being. This section provides a comprehensive ives that enhance student well-being. This section provides a comprehensive overview of the practical implications of the WEMWBS in fostering positive verview of the practical implications of the WEMWBS in fostering positive well-being outcomes among university students. Lastly, the article presents a ell-being outcomes among university students. Lastly, the article presents a comparative analysis of the WEMWBS with the Mental Health Literacy Scale omparative analysis of the WEMWBS with the Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS). By examining the similarities, differences, and potential complemen- MHLS). By examining the similarities, differences, and potential complementarity between these two scales, this section offers insights into their respective arity between these two scales, this section offers insights into their respective strengths and limitations in capturing different aspects of individual well-being trengths and limitations in capturing different aspects of individual well-being within the higher education context. It addresses the importance of considering ithin the higher education context. It addresses the importance of considering multiple dimensions of well-being and mental health literacy when assessing and ultiple dimensions of well-being and mental health literacy when assessing and supporting the well-being of students in higher education.
Polyphenol content, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Georgian wine and green tea
This comprehensive study explores the health-promoting properties of Georgian his comprehensive study explores the health-promoting properties of Georgian green tea and red wine, focusing on their antioxidant and anti-in reen tea and red wine, focusing on their antioxidant and anti-infl ammatory activ- ammatory activities, as well as polyphenol content. Utilizing the DPPH and FRAP methods, we ties, as well as polyphenol content. Utilizing the DPPH and FRAP methods, we observed impressive results, with green tea showcasing a remarkable FRAP activity bserved impressive results, with green tea showcasing a remarkable FRAP activity of 61.2% of f 61.2% of ascorbic acid scorbic acidactivity set as 100 %, surpassing red wine at 18.2%. Com- activity set as 100 %, surpassing red wine at 18.2%. Comparative assessments against arative assessments against ascorbic acid scorbic acidfor antioxidant activity and for antioxidant activity and Sodium diclofenac odium diclofenac for anti-in or anti-infl ammatory effects further underscored green tea's prowess. Intriguingly, ammatory effects further underscored green tea's prowess. Intriguingly, green tea exhibited a substantial anti-in reen tea exhibited a substantial anti-infl ammatory activity of 20 % of ammatory activity of 20 % of Sodium di- odium diclofenac lofenacalso set as 100 %, outshining red wine at 3.7%. Polyphenol content, a key also set as 100 %, outshining red wine at 3.7%. Polyphenol content, a key contributor to health bene ontributor to health benefi ts, revealed green tea's concentration at 7.5% (w/w), red ts, revealed green tea's concentration at 7.5% (w/w), red wine's – 4.4% g/l. These ine's – 4.4% g/l. These fi ndings highlight the potential of green tea and red wine ndings highlight the potential of green tea and red wine as a potent source of bioactive compounds with implications for cellular health, in- s a potent source of bioactive compounds with implications for cellular health, inflammation mitigation, and chronic disease prevention. The results prompt a closer ammation mitigation, and chronic disease prevention. The results prompt a closer look at dietary choices, advocating for the incorporation of green tea to harness its ook at dietary choices, advocating for the incorporation of green tea to harness its multifaceted health bene ultifaceted health benefi ts. As we delve into the molecular richness of these bev- ts. As we delve into the molecular richness of these beverages, our rages, our findings provide valuable insights into the potential therapeutic avenues ndings provide valuable insights into the potential therapeutic avenues offered by these popular and culturally signi ffered by these popular and culturally signifi cant drinks. cant drinks
Optimizing Memory Usage in Python (Pandas)
This article explores Python's prominence in Data Science, Data Analytics, and his article explores Python's prominence in Data Science, Data Analytics, and Machine Learning, attributing its widespread adoption to its user-friendly na- achine Learning, attributing its widespread adoption to its user-friendly nature, robust online community, and powerful data-centric libraries such as Pan- ure, robust online community, and powerful data-centric libraries such as Pandas, NumPy, and Matplotlib. It delves into the challenges of managing extensive as, NumPy, and Matplotlib. It delves into the challenges of managing extensive datasets and emphasizes the importance of memory utilization in navigating atasets and emphasizes the importance of memory utilization in navigating substantial data. The Pandas library's info() and memory_usage() methods are ubstantial data. The Pandas library's info() and memory_usage() methods are discussed as essential tools for assessing and optimizing dataframe memory con- iscussed as essential tools for assessing and optimizing dataframe memory consumption. The article demonstrates how changing data types, particularly for umption. The article demonstrates how changing data types, particularly for object columns, to the category datatype signi bject columns, to the category datatype significantly reduces memory usage cantly reduces memory usage without altering the dataframe's appearance. The strategic adjustment of numer- ithout altering the dataframe's appearance. The strategic adjustment of numerical column data types based on value range, illustrated with the age column as cal column data types based on value range, illustrated with the age column as an example, is explored as a means of achieving precision and memory ef n example, is explored as a means of achieving precision and memory efficiency. The article highlights the considerable reduction in memory requirements y. The article highlights the considerable reduction in memory requirements by transitioning from y transitioning from fl oat64 to oat64 to float16 for columns containing oat16 for columns containing floating-point oating-point numbers. Overall, this comprehensive exploration provides valuable insights umbers. Overall, this comprehensive exploration provides valuable insights into effective strategies for memory optimization in Pandas dataframes, catering nto effective strategies for memory optimization in Pandas dataframes, catering to both categorical and numerical data, contributing to enhanced computational o both categorical and numerical data, contributing to enhanced computational efficiency and signi ciency and significant memory savings.
Dynamics of β-glucosidase enzymatic activity in Yucca gloriosa L. leaves
The steroidal sapogenin tigogenin from Yucca gloriosa L. leaves is a raw mate- he steroidal sapogenin tigogenin from Yucca gloriosa L. leaves is a raw material for the synthesis of steroidal hormonal preparations. Tigogenin is spiros- ial for the synthesis of steroidal hormonal preparations. Tigogenin is spirostan sapogenin. In the plant intact leaves are synthesized furostanol glycosides, an sapogenin. In the plant intact leaves are synthesized furostanol glycosides, which are transformed into spirostanol glycosides by the action of the enzyme hich are transformed into spirostanol glycosides by the action of the enzyme β-glucosidase. The maximum of lucosidase. The maximum of β-glucosidase enzymatic activity is observed in glucosidase enzymatic activity is observed in July and August. The results have a great signi uly and August. The results have a great signifi cance for optimization of tigo- cance for optimization of tigogenin production technology.
Beyond IPv4: Analyzing Barriers and Promoting Accelerated Adoption Strategies of IPv6
This discourse explores the factors in his discourse explores the factors influencing the gradual adoption of IPv6, uencing the gradual adoption of IPv6, the latest iteration of the Internet Protocol, despite its technological advantag- he latest iteration of the Internet Protocol, despite its technological advantages over IPv4. IPv6's expansive address space, accommodating the anticipated s over IPv4. IPv6's expansive address space, accommodating the anticipated surge in connected devices, makes it pivotal for sustained Internet growth. Not- urge in connected devices, makes it pivotal for sustained Internet growth. Notwithstanding, only 22% of websites have transitioned to IPv6 as of September. ithstanding, only 22% of websites have transitioned to IPv6 as of September. The analysis delves into key impediments, including IPv4 resilience technologies, he analysis delves into key impediments, including IPv4 resilience technologies, compatibility challenges, costs, and ISP unreadiness. Additionally, potential solu- ompatibility challenges, costs, and ISP unreadiness. Additionally, potential solutions, such as government intervention, stakeholder collaboration, and thorough ions, such as government intervention, stakeholder collaboration, and thorough testing, are proposed to expedite IPv6 adoption for a resilient and technological- esting, are proposed to expedite IPv6 adoption for a resilient and technologically advanced Internet infrastructure.
Bloоd flow and rheological disorders in spinal vascular malformations
Malformation is a condition in which pathologically tortuous shunt vessels ap- alformation is a condition in which pathologically tortuous shunt vessels appear between arteries and veins instead of a network of capillaries. As a result of ear between arteries and veins instead of a network of capillaries. As a result of replacement of the capillary bed, the exchange of oxygen and nutrients between eplacement of the capillary bed, the exchange of oxygen and nutrients between tissues and blood is disrupted, and oxygen starvation is experienced. Spinal vas- issues and blood is disrupted, and oxygen starvation is experienced. Spinal vascular malformations are a rare and poorly studied pathology, which is charac- ular malformations are a rare and poorly studied pathology, which is characterized by signi erized by significant diversity. There is no single hypothesis for the formation cant diversity. There is no single hypothesis for the formation of malformations. Existing classi f malformations. Existing classifications do not always re cations do not always reflect the reality and ect the reality and prospects for the development of diseases. This work is an attempt to study the rospects for the development of diseases. This work is an attempt to study the rheological properties and their contribution to heological properties and their contribution to fluidity failures during malfor- uidity failures during malformations with the aim of a comprehensive study of the problem.
Peculiarities of Blood Circulation and Rheological Properties During the Treatment of Cancer Disease
Neoplasms are characterized by an abnormal, altered stroma that facilitates can- eoplasms are characterized by an abnormal, altered stroma that facilitates cancer development by providing nutritional support and establishing a barrier for er development by providing nutritional support and establishing a barrier for host defense mechanisms. During a malignant disease all physiological processes ost defense mechanisms. During a malignant disease all physiological processes of destruction require structural changes, that manifest at different organization f destruction require structural changes, that manifest at different organization levels in organs, tissues, single cells, and cellular organelles. All of these struc- evels in organs, tissues, single cells, and cellular organelles. All of these structures have speci ures have specifi c and signi c and signifi cantly complex rheological parameters. In a given cantly complex rheological parameters. In a given vessel within a tumor, blood essel within a tumor, blood fl ow fl uctuates with time and can reverse its direc- uctuates with time and can reverse its direction. Elevated geometric and viscous (rheological) resistance and other molecu- ion. Elevated geometric and viscous (rheological) resistance and other molecular and mechanical factors contribute to this spatial and temporal heterogeneity. ar and mechanical factors contribute to this spatial and temporal heterogeneity. Heterogeneity contributes to both acute and chronic hypoxia in tumors - a maeterogeneity contributes to both acute and chronic hypoxia in tumors - a major cause of resistance to radiation and other therapies. adsorption-rheological or cause of resistance to radiation and other therapies. adsorption-rheological properties of blood prognostic signi roperties of blood prognostic significance concerning lung neoplasm course cance concerning lung neoplasm course and development of complications of chemoradiation respectively. Intravascu- nd development of complications of chemoradiation respectively. Intravascular rheological changes are one of the most important factors to explain the ar rheological changes are one of the most important factors to explain the radiobiological principles of SBRT. Laboratory studies suggest that the radiation response for the high-dose single fractions used in radiosurgery is predominant- esponse for the high-dose single fractions used in radiosurgery is predominantly related to the supporting endothelial cells. The Linear Quadratic Model (LQ y related to the supporting endothelial cells. The Linear Quadratic Model (LQ Model) applies to the calculation of iso-effect doses in treating with conven- odel) applies to the calculation of iso-effect doses in treating with conventional EBRT. Based on the LQ and USC model, we estimated the Biologically ional EBRT. Based on the LQ and USC model, we estimated the Biologically Effective Dose (BED) and Equivalent Dose. When the fractional dose is higher ffective Dose (BED) and Equivalent Dose. When the fractional dose is higher than the Transient Dose, the LQ model is inappropriate to predict the effects han the Transient Dose, the LQ model is inappropriate to predict the effects induced by radiation. BED is calculated by the LQ formula if the dose per frac- nduced by radiation. BED is calculated by the LQ formula if the dose per fraction is below the transition dose – DT and by the USC formula if the dose per ion is below the transition dose – DT and by the USC formula if the dose per fraction is higher than DT.
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT)
The effectiveness of ezetimibe and atorvastatin combination therapy related to low density cholesterol goal levels attainment in patients with acute coronary syndromes
The use of statins is essential for aggressive lipid-lowering treatment in acute he use of statins is essential for aggressive lipid-lowering treatment in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. The purpose of the present study was to oronary syndrome (ACS) patients. The purpose of the present study was to examine the impact of ezetimibe, a selective intestinal cholesterol transporter xamine the impact of ezetimibe, a selective intestinal cholesterol transporter inhibitor, in ACS patients. We conducted a 16-week one-center, prospective, nhibitor, in ACS patients. We conducted a 16-week one-center, prospective, randomized, and open-label clinical trial, involving 323 patients who had been andomized, and open-label clinical trial, involving 323 patients who had been hospitalized for an acute coronary syndrome ospitalized for an acute coronary syndrome within the preceding 14 days. They were received atorvastatin 20 mg during 28 ithin the preceding 14 days. They were received atorvastatin 20 mg during 28 days and after those 292 patients, who had low density cholesterol (LDL-C) lev- ays and after those 292 patients, who had low density cholesterol (LDL-C) levels ≥1.81 mmol/L, were randomized to ezetimibe 10 mg/day co-administered 1.81 mmol/L, were randomized to ezetimibe 10 mg/day co-administered with atorvastatin therapy (EZE + Statin) or doubling their current atorvastatin ith atorvastatin therapy (EZE + Statin) or doubling their current atorvastatin dose. The primary ef ose. The primary efficacy end point was absolute reduction in LDL-C for eze- cacy end point was absolute reduction in LDL-C for ezetimibe plus atorvastatin versus atorvastatin-monotherapy treatment groups. At imibe plus atorvastatin versus atorvastatin-monotherapy treatment groups. At 16 weeks, the mean LDL cholesterol level during the study was 1.60 mmol per 6 weeks, the mean LDL cholesterol level during the study was 1.60 mmol per liter in the atorvastatine-ezetimibe group, as compared with 1.91 mmol per liter iter in the atorvastatine-ezetimibe group, as compared with 1.91 mmol per liter in the atorvastatin-monotherapy group (P<0.001). Patients receiving ezetimibe n the atorvastatin-monotherapy group (P<0.001). Patients receiving ezetimibe and statin were more likely to achieve target LDL-C after 16 weeks compared to nd statin were more likely to achieve target LDL-C after 16 weeks compared to patients doubling their statin dose. Ezetimibe/statin combination therapy was atients doubling their statin dose. Ezetimibe/statin combination therapy was well tolerated among this ACS patients, without safety concerns.
Evaluating the Impact of a Comprehensive HIV Education Lecture on Dental Students' Attitudes and Behaviors Towards Individuals Living with HIV: A Pre – and Post-Test Study
HIV infection remains a major public health challenge globally. Despite advance- IV infection remains a major public health challenge globally. Despite advancements in treatment and prevention, stigmatized attitudes towards individuals liv- ents in treatment and prevention, stigmatized attitudes towards individuals living with HIV can impact their accessibility to healthcare services, including den- ng with HIV can impact their accessibility to healthcare services, including dental care. Dental students, as prospective healthcare providers, have a crucial role al care. Dental students, as prospective healthcare providers, have a crucial role in enhancing these individuals' quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the n enhancing these individuals' quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the impact of an educational lecture on dental students' attitudes and behaviors to- mpact of an educational lecture on dental students' attitudes and behaviors towards individuals living with HIV. The study employed a pre – and post-test de- ards individuals living with HIV. The study employed a pre – and post-test design to evaluate the effect of an educational lecture on dental students' attitudes ign to evaluate the effect of an educational lecture on dental students' attitudes and behaviors towards people living with HIV. A total of 123 dental students nd behaviors towards people living with HIV. A total of 123 dental students were surveyed before and after the lecture to assess changes in their knowledge, ere surveyed before and after the lecture to assess changes in their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors relating to HIV care. There was a signi ttitudes, and behaviors relating to HIV care. There was a significant increase cant increase in students' understanding of HIV, its transmission, and necessary support for n students' understanding of HIV, its transmission, and necessary support for people living with HIV following the lecture. This improvement led to a positive shift in attitudes towards individuals living with HIV, including increased tive shift in attitudes towards individuals living with HIV, including increased comfort discussing HIV, willingness to provide medical care to HIV patients, omfort discussing HIV, willingness to provide medical care to HIV patients, and readiness to interact socially with individuals living with HIV. Nonetheless, nd readiness to interact socially with individuals living with HIV. Nonetheless, some reluctance and stigma persisted in certain social scenarios involving people ome reluctance and stigma persisted in certain social scenarios involving people living with HIV. Educational interventions, such as lectures, can substantially iving with HIV. Educational interventions, such as lectures, can substantially infl uence the understanding and attitudes of future dental professionals towards uence the understanding and attitudes of future dental professionals towards individuals living with HIV. However, targeted initiatives may still be necessary ndividuals living with HIV. However, targeted initiatives may still be necessary to address remaining areas of stigma and hesitance concerning social interac- o address remaining areas of stigma and hesitance concerning social interactions with people living with HIV.
Vasopressin improves the production of a conditioned two-way escape reflex
Vasopressin (Lvp) is neuropeptide produced largely in the hypothalamus. Lvp is asopressin (Lvp) is neuropeptide produced largely in the hypothalamus. Lvp is released from paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) mag- eleased from paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) magnocellular terminals located in the neurohypophysis [1] ocellular terminals located in the neurohypophysis [1]. Upon entering the systemic pon entering the systemic blood supply, they exert endocrine actions including uterine contraction and milk lood supply, they exert endocrine actions including uterine contraction and milk ejection. Furthermore, Lvp released from terminals of parvocellular neurons of the jection. Furthermore, Lvp released from terminals of parvocellular neurons of the PVN influences adrenocorticotropic hormone synthesis and release from the adeno- uences adrenocorticotropic hormone synthesis and release from the adenohypophysis and, thus, modulates corticosteroid hormone levels and stress response ypophysis and, thus, modulates corticosteroid hormone levels and stress response [2,3,4]. The neurohypophyseal peptide Lvp play an important role in the regulation 2,3,4]. The neurohypophyseal peptide Lvp play an important role in the regulation of such processes as learning and memory. The participation of these peptide in the f such processes as learning and memory. The participation of these peptide in the processes of memory and learning have been con rocesses of memory and learning have been confi rmed by investigations in which rmed by investigations in which neurohyphopiseal extract has been employed [5,6]. It is yet unclear exactly what eurohyphopiseal extract has been employed [5,6]. It is yet unclear exactly what role vasopressin has in the organization, development, and replication of long-term ole vasopressin has in the organization, development, and replication of long-term memory traces. We investigated the effect of modest dosages of vasopressin on emory traces. We investigated the effect of modest dosages of vasopressin on the rate of conditional bilateral escape re he rate of conditional bilateral escape refl ex elaboration in rats weighing 250-300 g ex elaboration in rats weighing 250-300 g for this purpose. The experiment consisted of two groups of animals: control and or this purpose. The experiment consisted of two groups of animals: control and experimental. During 12 days, 15 minutes before testing, experimental animals were xperimental. During 12 days, 15 minutes before testing, experimental animals were given 4 g/0.2 ml lysine 8-vasopressin (Gedeon-Rixter) intraperitoneally. The equal quantity of saline was administered into the control animals. We employed the T uantity of saline was administered into the control animals. We employed the T Student criteria for statistical data analysis. It was shown that in experimental group tudent criteria for statistical data analysis. It was shown that in experimental group the indices of correct responses, as a latent period of reaction of active avoidance, he indices of correct responses, as a latent period of reaction of active avoidance, significantly lagged behind the control group. The level of conditional re cantly lagged behind the control group. The level of conditional refl ex on active defensive escape was checked during three days in two weeks, 1 month and ctive defensive escape was checked during three days in two weeks, 1 month and 2 months after such termination of experiment in both control and experimental months after such termination of experiment in both control and experimental groups of animals. However, through the roups of animals. However, through the fi rst and second month breaks, the level rst and second month breaks, the level of fulfillment of conditional re llment of conditional refl ex reaction at the experimental animals statistically ex reaction at the experimental animals statistically significantly (P <0,01) exceeded those of control group animals. Therefore, vaso- cantly (P <0,01) exceeded those of control group animals. Therefore, vasopressin promotes preservation of a trace of memory and had anti amnesic effect
Association of hepatitis C with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma – a case study
Hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) is endemic in many countries of the epatitis C virus infection (HCV) is endemic in many countries of the world including Georgia. Georgia has a high burden of HCV infection orld including Georgia. Georgia has a high burden of HCV infection with an estimated 5.4% of adult population (1,50,000) people have ith an estimated 5.4% of adult population (1,50,000) people have identified with HCV. According to NCDC (National Centre for Disease dentified with HCV. According to NCDC (National Centre for Disease Control and Public Health from May 2015 national HCV programme ontrol and Public Health from May 2015 national HCV programme have been launched, supported by the American company “Gilead” ave been launched, supported by the American company “Gilead” and the government of Georgia. Our main goal is to investigate and nd the government of Georgia. Our main goal is to investigate and manage the hepatocellular carcinoma. According to the study done anage the hepatocellular carcinoma. According to the study done from the patient at Infectious Disease AIIDS and clinical immunology rom the patient at Infectious Disease AIIDS and clinical immunology scientific research centre it has been found that in 57-year-old male cientific research centre it has been found that in 57-year-old male patient who was chronically infected with HCV, cirrhosis, the virus atient who was chronically infected with HCV, cirrhosis, the virus has been directly associated with the development of hepatocellular as been directly associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. He was diagnosed as chronic hepatitis-c and liver cirrho- arcinoma. He was diagnosed as chronic hepatitis-c and liver cirrhosis (genotype 3a). Treatment with pegylated interferon and DAA (di- is (genotype 3a). Treatment with pegylated interferon and DAA (direct acting antivirals) for 6 months was continued. Treatment finished ect acting antivirals) for 6 months was continued. Treatment finished without side effects but after 6 months HCV RNA was detectable or ithout side effects but after 6 months HCV RNA was detectable or patient relapsed. In 2015, the patient was switched in elimination atient relapsed. In 2015, the patient was switched in elimination programme and antiviral treatment combined with interferon for 12 rogramme and antiviral treatment combined with interferon for 12 weeks. Sustained viral response developed 6 months after termina- eeks. Sustained viral response developed 6 months after termination of therapy. The alpha-fetoprotein is important tumor marker and ion of therapy. The alpha-fetoprotein is important tumor marker and was elevated around 583 as elevated around 583 μ/l. Ultrasound didn’t reveal any lesion but l. Ultrasound didn’t reveal any lesion but after MRI scan 3 fter MRI scan 3rdgrade hepatocellular carcinoma was confirmed. grade hepatocellular carcinoma was confirmed. Following 2015 every month patient has been assessed for liver func- ollowing 2015 every month patient has been assessed for liver function tests, total bilirubin, complete blood count, alpha-fetoprotein and ion tests, total bilirubin, complete blood count, alpha-fetoprotein and ultrasound investigation and as a result liver enzyme found to be ltrasound investigation and as a result liver enzyme found to be elevated. It’s crucial for every patient (end stage of liver disease) to levated. It’s crucial for every patient (end stage of liver disease) to undergo ultrasound investigations, liver function test for follow up. ndergo ultrasound investigations, liver function test for follow up.
Myocardial Ischemia and Diabetes Mellitus. Approaches and Recommendation
The outlook epidemiological auguring an increase considerable the number of subjects with diabetes and cardiological problem during diabetes, and the recent progress registered in the explorations and the treatment of coronary are necessary for to continue research. Since long been recognized as a factor of risk vascular age, the diabetes can be regarded as a genuine vascular disease in because of the frequency and in the severity. The share growing, observed and expected, of the population of diabetics, whose prognosis life is dominated by the complication’s coronary up the diabetes mellitus among the priorities of health public in France. The specifi c features of diabetic coronary artery disease, marked by the often-insidious nature of its development, place silent myocardial ischemia (IMS) and possible atheromatous involvement of the epicardial coronary artery trunks at the center of the diagnostic and therapeutic approach. The progress, drug and instrumentals, the treatment of the inadequacy coronary lead naturally to reconsider the treatment, and therefore the screening early to IMS in the aim of reducing the morbidity and the mortality heart of patients with diabetes.
Copyright (c) 2021 Puel Le Pr Jacques, Paul Valensi, Gerald Vanzetto, Vague Lassmann-Vague, Jean-Luc Monin, Philippe Moulin, Cr Ziccarelli, Herve Mayaudon, Michel Ovize, Sophia Bernard, Eric Van Belle, Serge Halimi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Rheological Parameters in Patients with Brain Infarct During COVID-19
In the description of the analytical clinical data of the patients with COVID-19 from difference country. In article shows detailed description of the rheological situation in patients with neuropathic during COVID-19. This data was compared with results of rheological study in analogical disease group patients without COVID-19. The article describes the effect of various anticoagulants on blood rheology, also describing protocols. In vivo, in vitro experiments, that studied a range of rheological parameters different anticoagulants. Measurement of RBC aggregation, RBC deformities, plasma viscosity were study with innovative technologies, quantitative methods. The work presents a scientifi c focus, after deep and increase research area is able to transport the newest conclusion to the clinical practice to treatment management of COVID-19.
Copyright (c) 2021 Nadia Antonova, Farber Paulo Luiz, Carlota Saldanha, Ana Santos Silva-Herdade (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Details of Laboratory Work for Medical Students
In the modern world of pandemics, a special place is occupied by the problems of education in the fi eld of medicine. In developed countries, medical education remains combined. Practical training of students in the laboratories of the university is very important. The article describes a biochemistry laboratory class protocol. This protocol is described in order to create an opportunity for students to apply by doing the theoretical concepts underlying biomolecules and vesicles properties, together with the principles of centrifugation and colorimetric methodologies. The aims, objectives, methodology of teaching/learning, and assessment for this laboratory class are indicated. The proposed protocol for a laboratory class described us creates the opportunity for undergraduate students to perform experiments, to reason, and to discuss some related biochemical concepts, namely protein characterization and properties of specifi c staining reactions; enzyme quantifi cation by enzymatic reaction; composition and biochemical properties of exovesicles; amphiphilic biomolecules properties; and principles and applications of centrifugation methods. This work was supported by Portuguese Ministry of Science and Higher Education (MCES).
Copyright (c) 2021 Carlota Saldanha, Nuno Santos, Martins Silva Jeferson Pereira (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Relevance Methodto Structure of Orthosis
There are many problems when treatment is needed. Such diseases occur in young and old people. The orthosis and their development have lot of problems. One way to solve this problem is to defi ne and apply standard rules and procedures throughout the development process. We show in this work is to develop a methodology to structure the orthosis design process. A case study was used to validate the proposed methodology. It was applied to the development of an orthosis to treat a camptocormia – bent spine syndrome. This disorder is characterized by the anterofl exion of the trunk and especially affects elderly people and young non-health people with difference disease.
Copyright (c) 2021 Michel Mesnard (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
From Full-Time Traditional Education to a Distant Form Due the Pandemic Caused by COVID-19
The article presents data on the prerequisites of different countries on the issue of distance education. In the article the percentage valuation of the distance form of education in relation to the full-time traditional form was shown before the pandemic caused by the new coronavirus and after. In connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, a change in these proportions occurred due to an increase in the partial part of distance learning against the background of a suspended full-time traditional education. In a number of countries, distance learning has become the only one, absorbing all other educational approaches and systems. This provided the education system with special signifi cance and attention from state structures and the government. The relevance of the work is caused by the fundamental nature of the issue of education, as such in general and specifi cally now, in a pandemic situation. Against the background of WHO recommendations on universal social distance and strict restrictions on mass events, which are an integral part of full-time traditional education, the urgency of the emergency transition from full-time traditional education to distance learning is especially great. The relevance of the issue is increasing due to the uncertainty caused by the expectation of the second wave of coronavirus, which is expected in October and coincides with the beginning of the fi rst semester of the 2020/2021 academic year.
Copyright (c) 2021 Maia Mantskava, Carlota Saldanha (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Investigation of Microcirculatory in Resistive Arteries
Тhe article shows the physiological signifi cance of resistive arteries in relation to blood fl ow. The article describes a new non-invasive method for assessing the functional state of resistive arteries, which indicates the resistance of resistive arteries. Microcirculation coeffi cient – resistance of resistive arteries is an easyto- use diagnostic method for assessing circulatory problems. The article shows new normative indicators of the microcirculation index in young healthy men. And also shows the rheological indicators for the same group.
Copyright (c) 2021 Iuri Niashin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Some Aspects of Research on Interpersonal Relationships and Motivations of Healthcare Professionals
The modern theory and practice of medicine, as well as a number of other edological (helping) disciplines and practices, have been supplemented by a very productive area called “evidence-based medicine”. Its occurrence is associated with a large number of bioethical problems, including the problem of the confl ict of interests between a doctor and a patient. A confl ict of interest is born as a result of confl icting motives of relationships and interactions between the activities of a medical worker. The contradiction of interests and motives of activity is manifested in the phenomena of professional psychological burnout and professional deformations. The article highlights the main motives contributing to the confl ict of interest, as well as ways of preventing and correcting confl icts of interest in connection with the implementation of these motives. Among the main motives, one can name the motives associated with the unresolved personal and interpersonal problems of a specialist: his need for power and control, for confi rmation and for belonging.
Copyright (c) 2021 Maria Arpentieva (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Hepatoprotective Therapy for Disease and Diabetes
Our work is devoted to the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as a complication in patients with complex cardiovascular pathology and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The data of the study of the effect of the drug Hepa-Merz® on the functional state of the liver, endothelium, rheological properties of blood, the state of capillary blood fl ow, markers of endotoxicosis and clinical state in this category of patients are presented. The results obtained confi rm the possibility of using the drug Hepa-Merz® for liver functional disorders in patients with cardiovascular diseases and complex type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Copyright (c) 2021 Viktoria Lishnevska (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Programmatic Management of Tuberculosis during COVID-19 Pandemic in Georgia
The article reveals the real problems caused by the pandemic associated with the new coronavirus. The problems affected the implementation of the National Tuberculosis Program. It is important for National TB Programs to put all efforts in active case detection, treatment adherence and preventive treatment implementation in response to COVID-19 impact on TB epidemics.
Copyright (c) 2021 Zaza Avaliani, Nino Lomtadze (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Impact of Training on Perception in Dissociated Cortical Culture Neural Networks
The way we recall events has an impact on how we perceive them. A good example of this is visual illusion. Can memorized stimuli infl uence the acquisition of a variety of stimuli in tiny neural networks? To answer this question, we used dissociated cortical culture (DCC) grown on a multielectrode array. This in vivo-like in vitro system allows tracking and assessing structural and functional refi nement, as well as the ability for information acquisition, processing, and coding in neural networks. A range of electric stimuli were used to simulate sensory inputs and to train DCC neural circuits. Single, paired-pulse (PP, 20ms ISI) 300mV stimuli at 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100Hz for 1s were delivered in a random time interval. During the analyses, the pre-training, training and testing phases were compared. The data revealed that registered channels increased activity in response to one of the stimulus types while responding less effectively to others. Single, 5Hz, and notably PP stimuli were the favored paradigms. The training phase frequently showed a progressive increase in activity level, with short burst prevalence. However, repetition of the preferred stimuli enhanced the occurrence of both tonic and burst evoked responses with prolonged duration throughout the testing phase. The data demonstrate that even such a tiny network of neurons as we have in DCC is capable for selection of the sensory inputs according to previously memorized information and at their most basic levels they are effi - cient of performing some functions that are typically attributed to higher neural structures.
Copyright (c) 2021 Duda Kvitsiani, Khatia Nadirashvili, Tatia Tsmindashvili, Nino Nebieridze, Cezar Goletiani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
The Portrayal of Diseases in the Novels of Zoe Heller and Joanne Harris
The article zeroes in on the vision that diseases, alienation and grotesqueness are inseparable. It suggests that mental and physical disorders contribute to realizing the scale of alienation and grotesqueness inside and outside the characters. The current research shows the way diseases determine human interaction. It elucidates the characters’ paradigm shift in their understanding of themselves and the world after a disease has entered their lives. The presence of symptoms, syndromes and traumas in the novels presupposes that society is far from being balanced. The article also discloses the overlap of literary discourse with medical discourse.
Copyright (c) 2021 Antonina Bulyna (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Experimental Studies of Blood Cells and Intensity of Blood Flow
We have carried out several in vitro experiments for study of erythrocyte aggregation and leukocyte aggregation. After discussing the results, it turned out that it turned out that the change in aggregation forms the blood fl ow to a greater extent than the aggregation of leukocytes. An increase in aggregation was caused by adding Dextran 500 to the tubes. This is a proven method for increasing aggregation intensity. It turned out that the aggregation of erythrocytes is a stable value compared to the aggregation of leukocytes. It also turned out that the aggregation of erythrocytes changes immediately after the addition of Dextran 500, but not signifi cantly. Research in this direction must continue to receive date how informative the aggregation of erythrocytes and the aggregation of leukocytes are in case of difference diseases.
Copyright (c) 2021 Afshin Zardoshtian (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
New Parameters of Hemostasis, some of their Research Results during Pregnancy
The article presents up-to-date information about the hemostasis system is a biological system that ensures the preservation of the liquid state of the blood, maintaining the integrity of the walls of blood vessels, preventing and stopping bleeding from the latter by thrombosis. Hemostasis is implemented mainly by three interacting functional and structural components: the walls of blood vessels (primarily intima), blood cells (platelets, erythrocytes, etc.) and plasma enzyme systems (coagulation, fi brinolytic, kallikrein-kinin, etc.). The article presents data from original studies of 20 women with their fi rst pregnancy between the ages of 25 and 28 (the gestation period was 18 to 20 weeks). And 10 non-pregnant women (control group). We studied the aggregation of enterocytes and to study the aggregation of platelet aggregation (Rheoscan apparatus). Further, by transforming the data with the technical analysis program (Tas-Plus apparatus), we calculated the platelet and erythrocyte aggregation indexes (PAI and EAI). The research was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Pregnant and healthy control women were notifi ed of the study. We have received informational consent from them. Our statistical data showed that the aggregation of erythrocytes (EAI) is increased in comparison with the norm by 15% (*), the aggregation of platelets (PAI) is increased in comparison with the norm by 25% (*).
Copyright (c) 2021 Carlota Saldanha (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Forming New Preventive Approaches in Sports Medicine
Sports training, physical education and health and fi tness work is a process in the fi rst the turn is socio-pedagogical, which determines the leading role of the trainer and teacher in it. However, the object of this process is a person with all the complexity of his psyche, body functions and relationships with the environment. Due to this the effectiveness of the process largely depends on the correspondence of the means and methods used to the state health, functionality, age and individual characteristics of each person. In modern conditions, when the health of the population, fi rst of all, the younger generation, has signifi cantly deteriorated, this is of particular importance.
Copyright (c) 2021 Brun Jean Frederic (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
The latest approach in planningl aparoscopic antireflux surgery for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Georgia by single surgical team
Gastroesophageal reflfl ux disease (GERD) is one of the most common pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract detected in adults. The implementation of a differential approach in diagnostics is possible through the complex simultaneous application of several examination methods, such as endoscopic and radiological. Standard treatment includes medical and laparoscopic methods of solving problems. The success of laparoscopic surgery depends on many factors. For example, from the knowledge, skill, experience of a group of surgeons. As an innovation for the success of surgical treatment of the patient and his personalization, we proposed additional scientififi c and experimental approaches, such as modeling and determining the rheology of the masses.
Copyright (c) 2022 David, Otar Kepuladze, Maia Mantskava, Nana Momtselidze, Giorgi Kuchava (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
The role of computed tomography in a diagnostic approach to cystic lung diseases and their differential diagnosis
In everyday routine, lung cysts are commonly seen in Computed Tomography, as far as many different conditions and diseases are associated with air cysts. Thus, correct diagnosis of cystic lung diseases, which show a wide spectrum, is a challenge for radiologists. For diagnosis and differential diagnosis, fifi rst of all, cysts should be distinguished from such other air fifi lled lesions, like cavities, bullae, pneumatocele, emphysema, honeycombing and cystic bronchiectasis. Second, cysts can be categorized as single/localized versus multiple/diffuse. Solitary/localized cysts include incidental cysts, congenital cystic diseases and cystic cancers. Multiple/diffuse cysts can be further categorized according to the presence or absence of associated radiologic fifi ndings. Multiple/diffuse cysts without associated fifi ndings include lymphangioleiomyomatosis and Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome. Multiple/diffuse cysts may be associated with ground-glass opacity or small nodules. Multiple/diffuse cysts with nodules include Langerhans cell histiocytosis, cystic metastasis and amyloidosis. Multiple/diffuse cysts with ground-glass opacity include pneumocystis pneumonia, desquamative interstitial pneumonia and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. The stepwise radiologic diagnostic approach can be helpful in reaching a correct diagnosis for various cystic lung diseases.
Copyright (c) 2022 Nino Gabashvili, Zaza Avaliani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/